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MCQ Questions for U.S. History with Answers chapter 18
Questions
Which of these was not a successful invention of the era?
(a) high-powered sewing machines
(b) movies with sound
(c) frozen foods
(d) typewriters
(b) movies with sound
Questions
What was the major advantage of Westinghouseโs โalternating currentโ power invention?
(a) It was less prone to fire.
(b) It cost less to produce.
(c) It allowed machines to be farther from the power source.
(d) It was not under Edisonโs control.
(c) It allowed machines to be farther from the power source.
Questions
Which of the following โrobber baronsโ was notable for the exploitative way he made his fortune in railroads?
(a) Jay Gould
(b) Cornelius Vanderbilt
(c) Andrew Carnegie
(d) J. Pierpont Morgan
(a) Jay Gould
Questions
Which of the following does not represent one of the management strategies that John D. Rockefeller used in building his empire?
(a) horizontal integration
(b) vertical integration
(c) social Darwinism
(d) the holding company model
(c) social Darwinism
Questions
What was one of the key goals for which striking workers fought in the late nineteenth century?
(a) health insurance
(b) disability pay
(c) an eight-hour workday
(d) womenโs right to hold factory jobs
(c) an eight-hour workday
Questions
Which of the following was not a key goal of the Knights of Labor?
(a) an end to convict labor
(b) a graduated income tax on personal wealth
(c) equal pay regardless of gender
(d) the creation of cooperative business enterprises
(b) a graduated income tax on personal wealth
Questions
Which of the following did not contribute to the growth of a consumer culture in the United States at the close of the nineteenth century?
(a) personal credit
(b) advertising
(c) greater disposable income
(d) mail-order catalogs
(c) greater disposable income
Questions
How did the burst of new inventions during this era fuel the process of urbanization?
Answer: New inventions fueled industrial growth, and the development of commercial electricityโalong with the use of steam enginesโallowed industries that had previously situated themselves close to sources of water power to shift away from those areas and move their production into cities. Immigrants sought employment in these urban factories and settled nearby, transforming the countryโs population from mostly rural to largely urban.
Questions
What differentiated a โrobber baronโ from other โcaptains of industryโ in late nineteenth-century America?
Answer: โCaptains of industryโ (such as Carnegie or Rockefeller) are noted for their new business models, entrepreneurial approaches, and, to varying degrees, philanthropic efforts, all of which transformed late nineteenth-century America. โRobber baronsโ (such as Gould) are noted for their self-centered drive for profit at the expense of workers and the general public, who seldom benefitted to any great degree. The terms, however, remain a gray area, as one could characterize the ruthless business practices of Rockefeller, or some of Carnegieโs tactics with regard to workersโ efforts to organize, as similar to the methods of robber barons. Nevertheless, โcaptains of industryโ are noted for contributions that fundamentally changed and typically improved the nation, whereas โrobber baronsโ can seldom point to such concrete contributions.
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